Review of 223 patients with Scheuermann's kyphosis and postural roundback showed that seventy-five patients with this deformity who had completed Milwaukee brace treatment had their kyphosis improved by an average of 40 per cent; their vertebral wedging, by an average of 41 per cent; and their lordosis, by an average of 36 per cent. Severity of kyphosis (greater than 65 degrees), skeletal maturity (as shown by iliac epiphysis closure), and vertebral wedging averaging more than 10 degrees were factors which limited the amount of correction obtained with the Milwaukee brace. The presence of scoliosis did not affect the end result.