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Scientific Article   |    
Functional Outcome and Complications Following Two Types of Dorsal Plating for Unstable Fractures of the Distal Part of the Radius
Tamara D. Rozental, MD; Pedro K. Beredjiklian, MD; David J. Bozentka, MD
The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.  2003; 85:1956-1960 
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Abstract

Background: There is a paucity of data in the literature documenting the functional outcomes for patients who have been managed with a dorsal plate because of a distal radial fracture. The purpose of the present study was to determine the functional outcome and complications following dorsal plating for dorsally displaced, unstable fractures of the distal part of the radius.

Methods: The records of all patients who had been managed at our institution with dorsal plating because of a comminuted, dorsally displaced fracture of the distal part of the radius were reviewed. Patients with less than twelve months of follow-up were excluded from the study. Outcomes were evaluated at the time of the latest follow-up with use of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and the Gartland and Werley scoring system.

Results: Twenty-eight patients (nineteen women and nine men) with a mean age of forty-two years formed the basis of the study. The mean duration of follow-up was twenty-one months. Nineteen patients had been treated with a Synthes p plate, and nine had been treated with a low-profile plate. There were no instances of loss of reduction, malunion, or nonunion. The mean score on the DASH questionnaire was 14.5 points. All patients had an excellent (nineteen patients) or good (nine patients) result according to the scoring system of Gartland and Werley. Nine patients had postoperative complications requiring repeat surgical treatment for hardware removal or extensor tendon reconstruction. All nine reoperations were performed in patients who had been treated with a Synthes p plate, while none were performed in patients who had been treated with a low-profile plate (p < 0.025). Four complications occurred in patients who had been treated with a titanium plate, and five complications occurred in patients who had been treated with a stainless-steel plate (p = 0.71).

Conclusions: Patients in whom a dorsally displaced distal radial fracture is treated with a titanium or stainless-steel Synthes p plate have a significantly increased risk of complications compared with those in whom such a fracture is treated with a low-profile plate. Regardless of the type of plate used, all of the patients in the present study had a good or excellent long-term functional outcome.

Level of Evidence: Therapeutic study, Level III-2 (retrospective cohort study). See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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    These activities have been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint sponsorship of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
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    Pedro K. Beredjiklian, M.D.
    Posted on November 25, 2003
    Dr. Beredjiklian and colleagues respond
    University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

    We appreciate the interest of Dr. Khanduja and colleagues in our study. In our experience, pi plates are somewhat difficult to remove after the development of extensor tenosynovitis. While we did not identify extensive fibrosis or scarring about the plates at the time of removal, tenosynovial proliferation and bony overgrowth over the implant did contribute to some difficulty at the time of implant removal. We have not considered elective implant removal in patients who have retained pi plates who have not developed evidence of tenosynovitis.

    As discussed in the manuscript, we have moved toward the use of low profile plates, obviating the need for elective removal of the implant after fracture union.

    With regard to the development of osteoarthrosis, no patients had significant radiographic evidence of degenerative changes at the radiocarpal joint at latest follow-up.

    With respect to the development of degenerative and inflammatory changes about the extensor tendons, our patients who developed extensor tenosynovitis had their implants removed betweensix and fifteen months after surgery. The average time frame from fracture treatment to the development of extensor tenosynovitis requiring plate removal was 9.4 months.

    Tamara D. Rozental, MD Pedro K. Beredjiklian, MD David J. Bozentka, MD

    Vikas Khanduja, MB BS, MRCS
    Posted on November 13, 2003
    Dorsal Plating for Unstable Fractures of the Distal Radius
    Newham General Hospital, United Kingdom

    To the Editor:

    We read with interest the article titled “Functional outcome and complications following two types of dorsal plating for unstable fractures of the distal radius” by Rozental et al. (2003, 85A: 1956 – 1960). We congratulate you on achieving excellent results as documented with the Gartland and Werley scoring systems. We have treated these fractures at our institute with the AO Pi plate since 1997 and we were intrigued by some of you results. We would be grateful if the authors would respond to the following questions:

    1. In our experience, it is very difficult to remove the implant if there is subsequent extensor tenosynovitis due to extensive fibrosis and tendon attrition. Did the authors find the same and do they consider elective removal of the implant after fracture union?

    2. The authors report that all their patients achieved satisfactory reduction including <1mm of articular incongruity. However, it was not clear from their results how many of their patients showed any radiographic evidence of degenerative changes in the radiocarpal joint.

    3. In our experience(submitted for publication) with seventeen patients who had fractures of the distal radius reconstructed with the AO pi plate, four patients developed extensor tenosynovitis between four and eight months after the plate was implanted. Did the authors notice a similar time frame for the development of extensor tenosynovitis?

    References: 1. Knirk JL and Jupiter JB. Intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the radius in young adults. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1986; 68(5): 647-59.

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