The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery

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Andrew Shimmin, Paul E. Beaulé, Pat Campbell; Metal-on-Metal Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. 2008 Mar;90(3):637-654.

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Supplemental Content

The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Symptomatic Versus Asymptomatic Subjects Following Metal-on-Metal Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty

J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2013 May 15;95(10):895-902
doi: 10.2106/JBJS.K.01476

Which Factors Determine the Wear Rate of Large-Diameter Metal-on-Metal Hip Replacements?: Multivariate Analysis of Two Hundred and Seventy-six Components

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An Important Contribution to Our Understanding of the Performance of the Current Generation of Metal-on-Metal Hip Replacements: Commentary on an article by A.J. Hart, MA, MD, FRCSG(Orth), et al.: “Which Factors Determine the Wear Rate of Large-Diameter Metal-on-Metal Hip Replacements? Multivariate Analysis of Two Hundred and Seventy-six Components”

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Tapering Our Focus to the Causes and Correction of Metallosis in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: Commentary on an article by Brett R. Levine, MD, MS, et al.: “Ten-Year Outcome of Serum Metal Ion Levels After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Concise Follow-up of a Previous Report”

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JBJS Case Connector

Implant	Acetabular Component Ingrowth Surface	Femoral Cement Mantle*(mm)
ADEPT; Finsbury Orthopaedics, Surrey, UK	Cast CoCr beads + hydroxyapatite	0
ASR; DePuy/Johnson and Johnson, Warsaw, IN	Sintered CoCr beads + hydroxyapatite	0.5
BHR (Birmingham Hip Resurfacing System)†; Smith and Nephew, Memphis, TN	Cast CoCr beads + hydroxyapatite	0
CONSERVE +; Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, TN	Sintered CoCr beads ± hydroxyapatite	1 (US ), 0.5 (Europe)
Cormet 2000†; Corin Medical, Cirencester, UK	Vacuum-plasma-sprayed titanium + hydroxyapatite	0, hydroxyapatite-coated cementless option
Durom; Zimmer, Warsaw, IN	Vacuum-plasma-sprayed titanium	1
MITCH; Stryker, Mahwah, NJ	Vacuum-plasma sprayed titanium + hydroxyapatite	0
ReCap; Biomet, Warsaw, IN	Vacuum-plasma-sprayed titanium + hydroxyapatite	0.5, cementless option

Implant	Acetabular Component Ingrowth Surface	Femoral Cement Mantle*(mm)
ADEPT; Finsbury Orthopaedics, Surrey, UK	Cast CoCr beads + hydroxyapatite	0
ASR; DePuy/Johnson and Johnson, Warsaw, IN	Sintered CoCr beads + hydroxyapatite	0.5
BHR (Birmingham Hip Resurfacing System)†; Smith and Nephew, Memphis, TN	Cast CoCr beads + hydroxyapatite	0
CONSERVE +; Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, TN	Sintered CoCr beads ± hydroxyapatite	1 (US ), 0.5 (Europe)
Cormet 2000†; Corin Medical, Cirencester, UK	Vacuum-plasma-sprayed titanium + hydroxyapatite	0, hydroxyapatite-coated cementless option
Durom; Zimmer, Warsaw, IN	Vacuum-plasma-sprayed titanium	1
MITCH; Stryker, Mahwah, NJ	Vacuum-plasma sprayed titanium + hydroxyapatite	0
ReCap; Biomet, Warsaw, IN	Vacuum-plasma-sprayed titanium + hydroxyapatite	0.5, cementless option

Operative Approach	Exposure	Femoral Head Blood Flow	Risks/Disadvantages
Posterior	Excellent	Intraoperative compromise	Femoral nerve palsy
Lateral	Very good	Preserved	Abductor muscle weakness
Transtrochanteric	Excellent	Preserved if osteotomy is extracapsular	Trochanteric nonunion with migration. May require removal of screws
Trochanteric flip/slide	Excellent	Preserved	Abductor muscle weakness, trochanteric nonunion without migration. May require removal of screws
Anterior	Good	Preserved	Visualization of the socket can be difficult. Unfamiliar to many surgeons. May require specialized table

Operative Approach	Exposure	Femoral Head Blood Flow	Risks/Disadvantages
Posterior	Excellent	Intraoperative compromise	Femoral nerve palsy
Lateral	Very good	Preserved	Abductor muscle weakness
Transtrochanteric	Excellent	Preserved if osteotomy is extracapsular	Trochanteric nonunion with migration. May require removal of screws
Trochanteric flip/slide	Excellent	Preserved	Abductor muscle weakness, trochanteric nonunion without migration. May require removal of screws
Anterior	Good	Preserved	Visualization of the socket can be difficult. Unfamiliar to many surgeons. May require specialized table

Location	Observations	Interpretation
Features suggesting impending failure
Femoral peg-shaft angle	Progressive change in orientation, particularly varus	Osteonecrosis, loosening, fracture, femoral head collapse
Femoral component	Progressive reduction in distance from tip of femoral peg to lateral femoral cortex	Implant subsidence, femoral head collapse, component loosening
Peg	Radiolucent lines	Component loosening when progressive, >2 mm, and involving all 3 zones
Features requiring closer observation
Femoral neck	Nonprogressive narrowing of <10%	Adaptive remodeling
Femoral neck	Initial rapid or extensive narrowing of >10%, or continued narrowing after 3 yr	Bone remodeling, stress protection effects. Possibly secondary to wear-related or metal sensitivity-related tissue reactions (joint fluid pressure effects)
Femoral neck	Scalloping at neck-rim junction	Bone remodeling or secondary to impingement
Femoral neck	Osteolysis	Secondary to wear-related or metal sensitivity-related tissue reactions

Abstract

History of Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty

Proposed Advantages

Design

Metal-on-Metal Bearings

Wear of Retrieved Components

Reaction to Debris

Fixation

Implant Designs

Clinical Considerations

Patient Selection

Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty in Women of Child-Bearing Age

Reintroduction of Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty into Current Clinical Practice

Operative Technique

Approach

Biomechanical Reconstruction

Results of Clinical Series

Function and Activity Levels After Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty

Complications

Femoral Neck Fracture

Component Loosening

Metal Allergy and Hypersensitivity

Femoral Impingement

Postoperative Monitoring

Serum and Whole-Blood Metal Ions

Radiographic Monitoring

Radiographic Classification

Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis and Ein Bild Roentgen Analyse

Revision of Failed Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasties

Ongoing Concerns

Future Directions

References

Topics

References

Femoral Fixation Score	Radiographic Findings
0	No radiolucency
1	Radiolucency in zone 2 (tip)
2	Radiolucency in zone 1 (superior)
3	Radiolucency in zone 3 (inferior)
4	Radiolucencies in zones 1 & 2
5	Radiolucencies in zones 2 & 3
6	Radiolucencies in zones 1 & 3
7	Radiolucencies in zones 1, 2, & 3 (incomplete)
8	Radiolucencies in zones 1, 2, & 3 (complete)
9	Femoral component migration