A line graph showing the surgical site infection timeline of all infections (n = 78). Sixty-seven percent of surgical site infections were documented during the first thirty days and 90% were identified within the first six months following surgery.

Flowchart showing the study group selection. HgA1C = hemoglobin A1C.

Schematic block diagram illustrating the ACL Clinical Pathway with perioperative steps for patients and guidelines for providers. NMCSD = Naval Medical Center San Diego, ACLR = anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists, d/c = discharge, OR = operating room, PT = physical therapy, rehab = rehabilitation, PACU = post-anesthesia care unit, POD = postoperative day, s/p = status post, H&P = history and physical, Rx = prescription, and abx = antibiotics.

Demonstration of the surgical technique on a bone model. An intramedullary Kirschner wire is passed through the fibular graft, and the graft-and-Kirschner-wire construct is used to fill the bone gap.

Postoperative cellulitis after total knee arthroplasty. Patients with a superficial skin infection are at increased risk of periprosthetic joint infection.

Flowchart of the Children’s Medical Center of Dallas guideline for the evaluation and treatment of suspected pediatric osetomyelitis. Abx = antibiotics, CRP = C-reactive protein, DVT = deep venous thrombosis, ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IV = intravenous, LE = lower extremity, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging, MRSA = methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRV = magnetic resonance venography, NPO = nil per os (nothing by mouth), PICC = peripherally inserted central catheter, SPE = septic pulmonary embolism, and TTWB = toe-touch weight-bearing.

Radiographs showing treatment of a large bone defect with the two-staged technique of bone-grafting. Fig. 1-A An antibiotic cement spacer stabilized with internal fixation after bone resection. Fig. 1-B Four weeks later, the spacer was removed and the granulation tissue cavity was filled with cancellous autograft bone. Fig. 1-C Newly formed bone two months after bone-grafting.

Fig. 1-A Receiver operator characteristic curves for cathelicidin LL-37 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.875), human β-defensin (HBD)-2 (AUC = 0.640), and HBD-3 (AUC = 0.745) in synovial fluid. Optimal cutoffs that maximize the Youden index are indicated by solid dots. Fig. 1-B Receiver operator characteristic curves for combinations of cathelicidin LL-37 and interleukin (IL)-4 (AUC = 0.916), LL-37 and IL-6 (AUC = 0.895), HBD-3 and IL-4 (AUC = 0.972), and HBD-3 and IL-6 (AUC = 0.849) in synovial fluid according to logistic regression analysis. Optimal cutoffs that maximize the Youden index are indicated by solid dots.

Demonstration of the surgeon applying an alcohol foam as a preliminary preparation of the surgical site and surrounding plastic drapes.

Sagittal T1-weighted cervical magnetic resonance image demonstrating the measurement of the morphometric parameters.