RT Journal
A1 Jones, Kristofer J.
A1 Osbahr, Daryl C.
A1 Schrumpf, Mark A.
A1 Dines, Joshua S.
A1 Altchek, David W.
T1 Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Throwing Athletes: A Review of Current ConceptsAAOS Exhibit Selection
JF The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
JO The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
YR 2012
FD April 18
VO 94
IS 8
SP e49 1
OP 12
DO 10.2106/JBJS.K.01034
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.K.01034
AB 
Isolated ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury from repetitive throwing was first described by Waris in 1946 in javelin throwers1. Although these injuries were once considered career-ending for athletes, a surgical technique pioneered by Jobe in 1974 facilitated successful return to competition2. Since that time, modifications of the original procedure have resulted in improved clinical results. The present article provides a comprehensive review of current concepts related to UCL injury in throwing athletes, including a review of relevant anatomy and biomechanics, the mechanism of UCL injury and associated elbow pathology, and the evolution of UCL reconstruction procedures and clinical outcomes.