RT Journal
A1 Holt, Graeme
A1 Nunn, Tom
A1 Gregori, Alberto
T1 Ethical Dilemmas in Orthopaedic Surgical Training
JF The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
JO The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
YR 2008
FD December 1
VO 90
IS 12
SP 2798
OP 2803
DO 10.2106/JBJS.H.00910
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.H.00910
AB 
The involvement of surgical trainees in surgical procedures forms an integral part of traditional orthopaedic surgical education. While the need to train surgeons is unquestioned, a patient may not necessarily benefit from receiving treatment from an inexperienced surgeon and, indeed, may suffer a poorer outcome as a consequence1-7. As such, the process of orthopaedic surgical training is one that highlights a number of important ethical issues. While the ethical implications of clinical research have been the subject of extensive discussion and guideline development, the ethics of surgical training has received comparatively little attention8-10. Both clinical research and surgical training are analogous in that each involves participation in a process that, while potentially benefiting society as a whole, may result in harm to the individual. In this paper, we discuss the ethical issues that are salient to orthopaedic surgical training and examine how recent technological innovations may offer a potential solution to such issues.