RT Journal
A1 Braun, Sepp
A1 Kokmeyer, Dirk
A1 Millett, Peter J.
T1 Shoulder Injuries in the Throwing Athlete
JF The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
JO The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
YR 2009
FD April 1
VO 91
IS 4
SP 966
OP 978
DO 10.2106/JBJS.H.01341
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.H.01341
AB Pathologic conditions in the shoulder of a throwing athlete frequently represent a breakdown of multiple elements of the shoulder restraint system, both static and dynamic, and also a breakdown in the kinetic chain.Physical therapy and rehabilitation should be, with only a few exceptions, the primary treatment for throwing athletes before operative treatment is considered.Articular-sided partial rotator cuff tears and superior labral tears are common in throwing athletes. Operative treatment can be successful when nonoperative measures have failed.Throwing athletes who have a glenohumeral internal rotation deficit have a good response, in most cases, to stretching of the posteroinferior aspect of the capsule.