RT Journal A1 Lafferty, Paul M. A1 Anavian, Jack A1 Will, Ryan E. A1 Cole, Peter A. T1 Operative Treatment of Chest Wall Injuries: Indications, Technique, and Outcomes JF The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery JO The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery YR 2011 FD January 5 VO 93 IS 1 SP 97 OP 110 DO 10.2106/JBJS.I.00696 UL http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.I.00696 AB Most injuries to the chest wall with residual deformity do not result in long-term respiratory dysfunction unless they are associated with pulmonary contusion.Indications for operative fixation include flail chest, reduction of pain and disability, a chest wall deformity or defect, symptomatic nonunion, thoracotomy for other indications, and open fractures.Operative indications for chest wall injuries are rare.