TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cervicomedullary Compression at the Craniovertebral Junction by Clivus HyperplasiaA Case Report
AU  - Kukkar, Nitin
AU  - Amin, Devin V.
AU  - Beck, Ryan T.
AU  - Bedi, Neru
AU  - Freitag, Per
Y1  - 2011/10/19
N1  - 10.2106/JBJS.J.01444
JO  - The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
SP  - e119 1
EP  - 5
VL  - 93
IS  - 20
N2  - 
The craniovertebral junction (CVJ), which is composed of the distal third of the clivus, the occiput, the atlas, the axis, and the foramen magnum, is complex anatomically and includes important neurovascular structures1,2. Together, these structures enclose the cervicomedullary junction (CMJ) and the lower four cranial nerves. Signs and symptoms of abnormal conditions affecting the CVJ are varied and typically begin insidiously. They may be referable to the brainstem, cervical cord, cerebellum, cervical nerve roots, or lower cranial nerves or the vascular supply to these structures. Anterior compression at the CVJ can occur in many types of abnormalities: malformations (basilar invagination or cranial settling, atlas assimilation, os odontoideum, and atlantoaxial fixed dislocation), tumor, trauma, chronic inflammatory diseases (most frequently, rheumatoid arthritis [RA]), and osteomyelitis3-7. Not uncommonly, congenital ventral compression of the CVJ is discovered on postmortem examination8.

SN  - 0021-9355
M3  - doi: 10.2106/JBJS.J.01444
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.J.01444
ER  -