TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee Treated with Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation, Autologous Bone-Grafting, and OsteotomyA Report of Two Cases with Follow-up of Seven and Nine Years
AU  - von Keudell, Arvind
AU  - Gomoll, Andreas H.
AU  - Bryant, Tim
AU  - Minas, Tom
Y1  - 2011/12/21
N1  - 10.2106/JBJS.K.00242
JO  - The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
SP  - e149 1
EP  - 7
VL  - 93
IS  - 24
N2  - 

      Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee is a disease whose primary etiology remains unknown. First described by Ahlbäck et al.1 in 1968, it is now categorized as either primary (spontaneous) or secondary osteonecrosis2. Primary osteonecrosis usually presents in people over the age of fifty years, with sudden onset of pain, most frequently in the medial femoral condyle. Secondary osteonecrosis is associated with certain risk factors, such as corticosteroid therapy and alcohol use, and is usually encountered in younger people.
    

SN  - 0021-9355
M3  - doi: 10.2106/JBJS.K.00242
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.K.00242
ER  -